Aeroplane.



B. T. B, HYDE & A. G ULQH.

, AERQPLANBJ APYLIGATIOH TILED 117111123, 191

Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

- N E w B-. T. -13. HYDE &A. GAUL, JR.

'A'EROPLANE.

APPLIOA'IIION FILBD IUNB23,1B10

1,002,203. Patented Aug. 29, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 WW V v v Q r Wwm6y' y of the United States, residing, respectively.

-' mechanism are suspended from the lower -ent invention, this ditiicult'y is overcome by 1 toward the free air space and will pass upstructure tothereby prevent undue teetering porting 'p lanestructure of Fig. 1, showing fs'arra-ngement thereof.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BENJAMIN r. num'r'r nvnn, or New YORK, N. Y.. AND Annnew GAUL, .m. or

RIDGEFIELD. NEW JERSEY.

AEROPLAHE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented'Aug. 29, 1911.

To all :wlmm it may concern:

Be It known that we, Bexaamx B. HYDE and Ammnw GAUL, Jr., both citizens at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, and at Ridgefield. in the county-of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have jointly invented certain new and useful Improvements in Aeroplanes, of which the following is a specification,

The present invention relates to aero planes, and especially to means for uniformly stabilizing such planes.

Great difiiculty in the past has been experienced in making aeroplanes stable under variable air conditions and many accidents have beenocca'sioncd by the lack of stability of aeroplanes. in accordance with 'the presproviding vertical stabilizing planes located above and below a carrying or supporting plane or planes having a central air space and which vertical planes are substantially co-extensive in length therewith. the vertical stabilizing planes effectively stabilizing the aeroplane, under varying conditions, in flights. To further increase the stability of the aeroplane an air space is provided adjacent to the point of intersection of'the vertical stabilizing planes with the. longitudinal carrying or sp'pporting plane or planes. During flights of the aeroplane the air will be forcedby thesupport-ing plane structure wardlyon both sides of the stabilizing plane and gyrations ofthejaeroplane. To further stabilize, the motive power and controlling.

stabilizing, plane structure at a point about the center of gravity of the saidstructure. Figures 1 and 2, are respectively, perspective. views of monoplane and biplane structures, embodying main features of our invention ;-j and Fig. 3, is a vertical central sectional-view through the carrying or sup-,

the downwardly 'bowtshaped constructive Referrin -'.tohFig.; ;1. ofthe *drawin showinga; ,monopl'ane' structure, a is t e. carrying. Jor: supportin plane thereof, of canvas, duck-silk or ot \er; suitable buoyant carrying or supporting 'as shown or decrease the sustaining a". into two parts lengthwise of the structure. Each half of the planes 0. is down-- wardly bow-shaped toward the center 11H ncss. in-fiights of the aeroplane. 7/ and 7i.

are vertical stabilizing planes arranged at a right angle to the carr ing or supporting plane structure a. and above and below the same to provide a free air space between them. Thc'vertical stabilizing planes 7; and 7, are preferably arranged as experience has dictated in the longitudinally central axisott (3 structure. as-clca-rly illustrated in the draw: gs. c. is an eleyating'and deflecting device arranged at the front of'the plane a, and opera tive from an aviator station f. of the aeroplane, to be hereinafter more fully eyplained. d, is a rudder arranged at the rear of the structure. e. is an engine. suspended from the lower stabilizing plane I). immediately fore and aft of a vertical median plane through the combined structure, that is. substantiallyhelow the center of gravity of the structure. a, is a propeller located inan opening b', provided in the stabilizingphnw b, and connected by a longitudinal shaft 1 with a sprocket and chainmechan'ismr". of the motive power e. Other means than those shown for actuating the propeller-2e.

may-be employed. g, is a snpportingframe for the aviator seat 9 a and '(l are'snitable controlling means for thc'eleva ting jand device c, and rudder (2. IL. are as deflecting carrying or supportingplane structure a.

these wings being-arranged longitudinally of the structure and on both sides of the same. The s'aidwings are adapted to be shifted laterally by means f, -operative from the aviator station'f, extend or retract 'the' same, so asto increase structure'as desired and in some instances to prevent momentary tendency to'pendw lous actions of the structure, in flights.

In Fig-M2, aeroplane structure ditfers so as to either capacity of the w from that (if 1,,in'that particular feaconnected with said planes and an aviator 4 about the center'of-gravity of theaeroplaneie 5 an aeroplane, a carrying or sup ortsi lowerstabilizing plane .about the center of gravity of the aeroplane.

I ing plane, havln to regulatethe steering-meansand elevating -Yiects. of our invention, what 'we'claim .as 2.0-

in lane having a centra space vertical as vertical stabilizing planes connected with .tures of our sai invention are shown in a biplane structure having two carrying or supporting lanes a, a, and'threestabilizin planes 2) an 6 In other respects the sai structure is the same as that explained-asregards steadiness, non-teetering and nonpendulous actions in flights. a

As to some of the detail arrangements of aeroplanes as hereinbefore explained, modificatlons therein may be made without affecting the scope of our said invention, and hence,'we donot .wishto be understood as limiting ourselves to the particular-arrange q ments of 'the aeroplanes as illustrated, to ,insure'stability in flights as 'well as safe use andreliable maneuverings.

,Having thus described the nature and obnew and desire to secure by Letters Patent as p V I 1, an aeroplane, a carr ing or supporting planes' located above and below the central space. at or in the plane of the fore andaft axis ofthe machine, flight ,controlling means connected with said structure an aviator station arranged below the 2." In an aeroplane, a carrying or supporta central space, wings -mova ly arrange on both sides of the same, vertical stabilizin planes located above and below said centra space and coextensive'in' length therewith, means to control flights station arranged from the lower stabilizing plane, g

'3, In an aeroplane,- a divided carrying of supporting plane having a .centralspace,

and located above and below said 'central'- ace and-ator in-the plane of theforeand :fit axis of the .machine,-'steering-means, an elevating and deflecting device and means eflectingdevicer 4. In an aeroplane, a carrying or supportlane having a centra -space, verticals'ta izing, plane's connected -with and lo-= cated above and'bel'ow and coextensive. in-v length with the. same, said vertical planes adjacentto the point of theirintersection with said carrying 01': supporting plane be-' ing sepa-rated .-byan fairjs ace, steering motive-power, and mechanism't'o control the steering-means and elevating and deflecting devi'c'e, said motive ower, and'mechanism arrangedbelow the, ower stabilizing plane ing plane, wings in connection therewit one mechanism at said station,

trollin device's arranged thereof, means, to actuate the same, vertical stabilizing was connected with and located above and below the carrying or supporting plane and coextensive in length therewith, said planes being provided adjacent to their point of intersection with the supporting planes with a space for air currents so as to steady the Structure in flights,- steering-mea-ns, elevating and 'deflecting'devices and motive power, and mechanism suspended from the lower stabilizing plane about the center of gravity of the aeroplane.

6. In'an aeroplane, a divided carrying or supporting plane, wings connected with said plane and laterally movable to and from the 59 same, vertical stabilizing plane's connected with and located above and below "and coextensi've inlen h therewith, said planes be.- ing separated y an axial air space and motive power andmechanism tocontrol flights" of the-aeroplane. v

7, In an aeroplane, independent down wardly bow-shaped carrying or supportin A planes, vertical stabilizing planes located a or in'the plane of the fore and'aft axis-of the machine, said vertical planes being sepa rated by' an axial air space, fiight-control ling means connected with said structure, an aviator station connected with the lower stabilizing plane and -mot-ive power and mech anism at said station, .for operating the 'flight' controllin means.

8. In an aerop ane,two'1n'clependent downwardly bow-sh'aped carrying or supporting planes, vertical stabilizing planes located at or in the planeof the fore and aft- ,axis of the machine, said vertical planesbeing separated by an air space, fii ht controlling means connected"with sai structure, an

aviator station arranged from the lower 9 stabilizing structure and motive power, and for operating the flight controlling means. 7

'9. In an aeroplane, Independent downwardlybow-shaped carrying or supporting 1 1 planes, vertical stabilizing planes located at or in the plane of the fore and aft axis of 1 the machine, said vertical planes being separated by an air space, flight-controlling means located in front and'i'n rear ofithe structure, an avlator station locatqedblow the lower stabilizing structure and motive power, and mechanism at said' station about the. center of gravity ofthe aeroplane for operating theflight controlling means. 1 10. In an ae'r planes located at or in the plane ofthe hire space the length-of-the aeroplane, fl ght conrear 0 g the aeroplane, an aviator stationlane, two independent-Q downwardly bow-s aped longitudinal carry-" ing or supporting planes, vertical stabilizing connected with the lower stal'lilizing plane and men at said station, for operating the flight con rolling devices. p l

j 11-. In in aeroplane. independent howshaped cd'lfrying or su'pportifi planes, 'ver ticnl stnbilizin planes leaflet at or inflie plane of the gre nnil aft axle of 19 mlchine, flight controlling imam and! aviat'dr station arranged;-abmil the fllnter of gravity of the aeroplane. Y p 12. In an aeroplane. independent down- .wa-rdly bow-shaped carrying or supporting planes. vertical stabilizing planes located all or. in the plane of the fore and aft axis of the nun-lune, flighbcontrolling 'means, an aviator station supported from the lower stabilizing plane and means atsaid station to regulate the {light n-untl'olling means."

13. In an aeroplane, two Independent (lmvmva -dly bow-shaped carrying or supporting planes. vol-tidal stabilizing planes located at or i n the plane of the fore and aftaxis of the machine, said planes separat by] 14. In aerop aneyinii ependenfi down .wawlly bail-shaped ca T ing .or' Sl1pp0rting planes lodated' slde by si e,' vertical stabilizmg planes arranged above. and below and adjaeent- 'to :the point of inteleeetion'of the carrying or supporting planes pl ov iding an space to steady the etabllizing structure, lg'hl mntrolling devices and an'aviatoistation supported from the lower stabilizing plane toeontr'nl'said devices.

In witness whereof, we have-hereuntoset our hands inthepresence of two subscribing witnesses. t

BENJAMIN T. BABBIT'D HYDE. AND EW GAUL, Jnl Win-um i V Tnmus M. ime!! 'ELlsABETH SHE'umAnE. 

